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防止污泥和堵塞问题，同时优化发动机性能

Ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD) is better for emissions; however, less sulfur can result in maintenance issues in fuel systems and tanks. The engineering used to formulate ULSD strips away beneficial lubricity; this can cause fuel system wear and lead to clogged injectors and filters. Additionally, ULSD is more likely to retain moisture, putting fuel and tanks at risk of bacteria contamination.

当留下未经处理的情况下，燃料系统问题并不需要损害发动机性能和燃油经济性。在冬季，这是一个更大的关注。

Central Oil carries Schaeffer's fuel additives, which are highly effective at dispersing injector clogging and plugging while preventing new deposits from forming. This powerful keep-clean performance means longer component life, better fuel economy, less fuel blow-by and restored horsepower.

中央油携带：柴油机2000，Neutra燃料稳定剂和Soyultra汽油添加剂。这些产品中的每一个增加润滑保护,降低胶凝,我ncreases cold weather performance, and provides consistent fuel quality, while reducing emissions.

To determine which product is right for you, please call us at 318.388.2602 to speak with an expert today.

什么是燃料风险管理？

燃油套期保值是A.合同tool some large fuel consuming companies, such as airlines, cruise lines and trucking companies, use to reduce their exposure to volatile and potentially rising fuel costs. A fuelhedge合同是A.期货合约这允许燃料消耗公司建立固定或封装的成本。该公司进入套期保值合同，以减轻可能的燃料价格，这些燃料价格可能高于当前价格和/或建立预算目的的已知燃料费用。如果这家公司购买燃料换货和燃料价格下跌的价格，该公司将有效地被迫支付上方的燃料价格。如果公司购买燃料打电话选项燃料的价格增加，公司将收到抵消其实际燃料成本的选项的回报。如果该公司购买燃油呼叫选项，这需要预付高级成本，很像保险，燃料价格下降，该公司将不会收到可选择的回报，但它们将从那时较低的成本中获益购买燃料。

Why Hedge?

Hedges are particularly popular with companies that have exposure to certain markets, such as commodities or interest rates. For instance, airlines and railroads spend substantial amounts for fuel for their operations, and so hedging future fuel costs can protect them against a spike in the market price for energy products.

石油和天然气勘探和生产公司提供了这种对冲使用的有用典范，因为一些石油的页岩扮演的一些球员像Bakken和Eagle福特一样围着他们预期的未来生产，因此因为他们的树篱占据了巨大的收益2014年底和2015年延迟的开放市场上的油价下跌。另一方面，那些没有对冲的公司面临着原油下降的全部影响，有些人正在努力获得所需的资金，他们需要继续运营。

如果您购买批量燃料，预订燃料可能是强烈考虑的东西。首先，该计划可以帮助您最大限度地减少对挥发性燃料市场的风险;其次，该计划可以帮助您为即将到来的年度建立估计的燃料成本。最终，您将更好地使用本计划在预算燃料支出时能够更好地管理您的运营成本。简单地说，随着燃料风险管理，您保证了一个预算工具，这是我们一些客户的救生员;他们中的一些人甚至会在预先预订燃料与中央油的结果中看到节省。

如果您不知道在哪里开始，我们建议您预订50-75％的预期使用。

Fuel Risk Management FAQ:

• 可以预订哪些类型的燃料？

清除路上柴油/落下的柴油/喷气机-A

• 
  
• 运输负荷有多大？

7,000 Gallons

• 
  
• 我需要多长时间送货？

You will have an entire month to take the load you have booked

• 
  
• 我应该预订多少钱？

We recommend booking 50% -- 75% of your anticipated usage

• 
  
• When is the deposit due?

存款在合同执行时截止

• 
  
• When can I book?

我们鼓励客户使用我们的FRM计划作为预算工具（在财政年度之前）。但是，您可以在一年中的任何时间预订！

• 
  
• 有多少种类型的合同？

Fixed Forward

Collar Option

最高价钱

（fool.com; wikipedia.com）

Here’s the每位员工应该知道的前10名工作场所安全提示为帮助您通知您自己的工人并根据共享责任创建工作场所安全环境：

1)注意你的周围环境

这一步骤需要了解您的工作或工作场所的特殊危险。一旦您了解到这些风险，您就可以明确潜在的危险区域和潜在的危险情况。此外，始终是机器的警报。

2)保持正确的姿势以保护您的背部

如果您在桌面工作，请符合臀部的肩部，以避免回来的问题。如果你正在挑选东西，请使用正确的形式，以便你的背部不会受伤。避免弯腰和扭曲。如果可能，请始终使用符合人体工程学设计的家具和安全设备，因此您需要的一切都在轻松抵达。

3) Take Regular Breaks

如此多的工作有关的伤害和疾病，因为工人累了，烧毁了，并没有警惕周围环境。定期休息有助于您在工作中保持新鲜。保持警惕的一个诀窍是在您的浓度最好时安排最困难的任务，就像早上的第一件事一样。

4）Use Tools And Machines Properly

Take the proper precautions when using tools, and never take shortcuts. It’s a huge safety risk to use scaffolding as a ladder or one tool in place of another for a specific job. Using tools the right way greatly reduces the chance of workplace injury.

5）保持紧急退出容易进入

In case of an emergency, you’ll need quick, easy access to the exits. It’s also recommended to keep clear access to equipment shutoffs in case you need to quickly stop them from functioning.

6）向您的主管报告不安全的条件

您的主管需要了解任何工作场所安全危险或风险。他们在法律上有义务确保他们的员工有一个安全的工作环境，并将照顾不安全的条件，并使他们为您和您的同事安全。

7）尽可能使用机械辅助装置

而不是试图携带或举起真正沉重的东西，以试图在工作日中拯救一条时间，而是额外的分钟使用独轮车，传送带，曲柄或叉车。伤害太多的风险涉及试图举起重量太大的东西。

8）Stay Sober

由于酒精和毒品，大约需要大约3％的工作场所死亡。当工人进行判断，协调，电机控制，集中或警觉的能力受到损害时，这导致了工作场所伤害和死亡的任何风险。

9）减少工作场所应力

压力会导致抑郁和浓度问题。工作场所应力的共同原因包括长时间，繁重的工作量，工作不安全和与同事或管理者的冲突。承担对主管的工作场所压力的担忧，看看它们如何帮助您解决这些问题。

10）佩戴正确的安全设备

如果您没有佩戴正确的安全设备，可能会受伤。根据工作，耳塞，耳罩，安全帽，安全护目镜，手套或全面面具等设备大大降低了工作场所伤害的风险。

这取决于设施管理者和企业主将员工与工作场所安全努力一起获得船上，鼓励他们成为活动中的积极成员。与他们分享工作场所伤害统计数据以及他们的工作每天向他们提供的内在风险。提供奖励他们的激励措施，以举例说明伟大的工作场所安全行为。这些简单的举措确实确实做了所有的差异。

来源：https://www.arbill.com/arbill-safety-blog/bid/182469/top-10-workplace-safety-ti缩 - every-employee-should-know.

你总是听说每个人都在寻找最好的汽车护理技巧，这将为严酷的冬季准备他们的汽车，但那些恶毒的夏日太阳怎么样？随着寒冷和雪，热量与您的车辆的威胁大。无论您是刚刚开车到公路还是在路上开车或乘坐公路旅行，如果您在高温下出示之前不遵循这九个提示，您就会冒出休息的可能性。我们按照正确照顾您的汽车，可以保留它永远奔跑。

1. Test your air conditioning before it gets too hot outside.There’s nothing worse than no AC in the scorching sun. If you notice the air is coming out but not cold enough, there may be something wrong. You most likely need more refrigerant or need to replace your air filters.

2.检查轮胎压力。激烈的温度变化会导致您的轮胎压力波动。如果压力在汽车推荐的PSI之上，您的轮胎将开始不均匀穿。此外，如果你有夏季轮胎，现在是时候让他们打开了。

3.确保散热器有足够的冷却剂。如果您注意到您的仪表板上的温度计运行过热，您的冷却液可能会很低，或者可能存在泄漏。如果您易于崩溃，您可以在汽车中保持额外的冷却剂可能是一个好主意。

4.跟上石油变化。我知道它总是在最不方便的时期偷偷摸摸，但石油变化对你的汽车的保湿至关重要。你越多，你越多，你应该越来越容易改变。如果您不经常改变油，则至少在崩溃的情况下至少将额外的油保留在后备箱中。

5.测试电池。汽车电池可能会失败，每年都会失败，但温度的上升可能会对电池进行重大损失。将您的汽车带到您当地的汽车商店，他们将能够为您测试它 - 大多数商店免费进行！

6.仔细检查制动器。你不想带着磨损的刹车驾驶。如果他们在驾驶时感到有趣或发出奇怪的噪音，您应该尝试更换制动液或将您的车换成要检查的机械师。

7.更换挡风玻璃刮水器刀片和液体。你的雨刮刀片很可能从冰雪刮掉了刮水。因为更多的虫子在温暖的天气中飞越雨水液并撞到你的挡风玻璃上的雨水，这也是一个好主意 - 你将能够能够看到你要去的地方！

8.拿一洗车。来自熔化雪的道路盐和污垢可能对汽车的油漆和底盘造成严重损坏。没有更好的时间来洗车而不是在温暖的天气里。如果你不想花额外的钱，你总是可以坐标你自己的车(or trick the kids into doing it).

9.更新您的紧急套件。您可能会在冬季挖掘您的物资，并忘记补充它们。一些必需品包括急救箱，耀斑，水和手机充电器。

来源：https：//drivesmartwarranty.com/car-center/resources/vehicle-care/preparing-your-car-for-warm-weather

Shell released a statement on June 14, 2018, that Mobil Delvac 1300 Super 15w40 does not pass the stringent CK-4 Volvo T-13 test it claims to pass.

CK-4和沃尔沃T-13发动机测试的背景：

什么是ck-4？

CK-4是API的（美国石油研究所）最新的柴油发动机油标准。新的发动机石油标准每隔几年开发，以保护新的和现有的发动机技术，符合政府法规，并确保机油行业的整体质量。API CK-4油专为满足更严格的排放标准而设计。它们也总体上优于CJ-4油，从而保护引擎免受氧化，粘度丧失和油曝气。

What is the Volvo T-13 Test?

The Volvo T-13 Engine Test is a very severe 360-hour duration, high-temperature oxidation test – it is one of several tests used to determine if an oil is CK-4 compliant. Because the industry is responding to stricter emission standards, smaller engines are being built with increased turbo-charging; and in other cases, engines are being created to run at higher temperatures. Both scenarios create a very challenging environment for an oil to protect your engine. The Volvo T-13 Engine Test is used to determine if an oil will remain resilient in these severe, yet fuel efficient, engines.

What It Means for You:

当发动机油不能通过CK-4要求时意味着什么？

当油不通过所有CK-4需求,哟u risk deposit build-up, corrosive wear on engine parts, and viscosity thickening of the oil. This all can lead to reduced oil drain intervals, shorter engine life, and reduced energy efficiency and fuel economy.

Shell Rotella是否通过沃尔沃T-13测试？

Yes! When you use Shell Rotella, you can be confident that not only does it pass the CK-4 requirements with flying colors – it goes above and beyond to meet the stringent requirements set by Volvo, MACK, and Cummins. Demonstrating robust performance in the Volvo T-13 Test is evidence that Shell Rotella T4 Triple Protection 15w40 engine oil can enable OEMs to deliver the promise of fuel efficiency and can help customers protect their equipment.

大家周二快乐！我们从上周回到了我们博客的下半场。如果您是新的并且想在您进入此博客之前想要追赶，请查看上周的博客文章here。

Here is the rest of the list West Cash wrote about at Machinery Lubrication Magazine:

3. Overgreasing

我参观的大多数植物都不识别出油脂枪是精密仪器。他们还没有看到滥用油脂枪可以引起的问题。过度减少是一个非常常见的问题，可以导致更高的操作温度，过早的轴承失效，以及污染物进入的风险增加。

轴承需要一定体积的润滑脂待适当润滑。用于确定所需润滑脂体积的流行配方是外径（以英寸）乘以宽度（以英寸）乘以0.114。这将为轴承所需的盎司提供润滑脂体积。

Once you have calculated the volume of grease for the bearing, you need to know how much grease the grease gun is dispelling per stroke. To do this, simply pump 10 shots of grease onto a plate and weigh it on a digital scale. Next, divide the weight of the grease by 10. This will give you the amount per stroke of output. Remember, certain grease guns can product pressures up to 15,000 psi and can cause numerous problems if not properly managed.

修复？

在计算所有轴承的再抛光要求，并确定油脂枪的输出是一个很好的开始，还有其他问题也必须解决。例如，润滑脂的输出可以在枪之间变化。抵消这个问题的最佳方法是用单打的油枪标准化，所以输出对于每个输出都是相似的。润滑脂枪也应致力于单一类型的油脂，每年至少检查一次。

如果可能的话，轴承应配备润滑脂吹扫配件，允许过量的润滑脂被排出，而不会影响密封的完整性。此外，所有经营油脂枪的专业人士都应培训他们的操作和后续轴承的正确方法。

4. Lack of a Labeling System

Labeling is a key part of any world-class lube program. Not only does it reduce the chance for cross-contamination by minimizing confusion as to which lubricants go where, it also allows individuals who may not be as familiar with the lube program to top-up with the correct oil or grease.

修复？

开发标签方案需要时间，但在正常工作时，它不仅可以提供各种信息，而且还可以提供润滑剂的各种信息，也可以提供各种信息。最佳标签设计包括所用润滑剂的颜色/形状方案。这提供了一种快速视觉参考，即机器内部的润滑剂。诺里亚开发了润滑剂识别系统，包括机器类型的所有基本信息，如基础油，应用和粘度。如前所述，一旦建立了标签系统，应将标签应用于所有润滑剂储存容器和应用装置。

5.使用OEM呼吸和防尘帽

大多数OEM配件，如呼吸器都有很少限制微小颗粒的进入油和临界空间，这可能会损坏机器表面。这些呼吸器中的一些只是填充有钢丝绒的盖子或网状筛网，用作较大颗粒的块。考虑轴颈轴承中的润滑膜约为。5至10微米，任何污染油的这种粒子的颗粒都会大大增加磨损和随后的机器故障的可能性。这些公差尺寸的颗粒造成最大的损坏并且具有引起机器磨损的最高概率。

Not only do many OEM breathers allow particles into the oil, they also do nothing to restrict moisture from entering the oil. Oil is hygroscopic, which means it absorbs moisture from ambient air. In areas with high humidity or steam, moisture will pass through these types of breathers and be absorbed into the oil, casing rust, increased oxidation and hydrolysis rates, and a higher corrosive potential of acids formed by oxidation and hydrolysis.

修复？

OEM呼吸应该用更高质量的版本替换，以限制微粒和水分进入。在市场上有几家呼吸器制造商，关键是让您的特定环境和操作条件的休息。在非常干燥的环境中，提供精细的旋涂颗粒过滤器，条件是环境湿度低。在更潮湿的环境中，混合式呼吸道可能是最佳选择。这种类型的呼吸器采用微粒过滤器来捕获硬颗粒，然后捕获硬颗粒，然后将水分从进入空气中剥离。所有这些呼吸均可拧入当前的呼吸口，以便快速简便。

有关工业厂房状态的问题，请随时在318-388-2602致电我们的全国认证的DFLT-S账户管理人员。

快乐#howtotuesday，每个人！

Today, we are excited to feature half of an article by Machinery Lubrication on the Blog. (The second half to come in a week!) This article deals with the most common lubrication issues Wes Cash sees on visits to power plants, food-processing plants, refineries, and manufacturing facilities. As a Shell Distributor with two Nationally Certified DFLT-S Account Managers, our team has seen many of these problems, too!

以下不仅是最常见的工业润滑问题的列表，还提供了有关如何解决这些问题的建议。

1. Lack of Procedures

Great lubrication problems are only as good as the people who do the work, just as a chain is only as strong as its weakest link. In many of my most recent projects, the retirement of technicians has been the problem of greatest concern. As Baby Boomers are reaching retirement age and subsequently retiring, they are taking with them a great deal of personal experience and knowledge of how they do their jobs. For some plants, the lube-tech position may have been held by a single person for decades. These professionals are the masters of their domains and know every sight, sound, and smell of their machines. It is imperative to pass down this type of dedication and understanding to the next generation of professionals. Unfortunately, all of this knowledge usually is not passed down. This results in problems and steep learning curve.

修复？

记录程序可以减少打击and help new personnel understand the proper way a task should be performed. While countless articles and books have been published on the best way to write procedures, once written, the procedures must be implemented for their full effect to be realized. Thorough documentation of every task performed in the lubrication program offers the best method for creating procedures. You want to write a procedure not only for the application of lubricants but also for how lubricants are handled in storage, decontaminated upon arrival and even disposed of after use.

2.不当的采样点和硬件

如果正确使用，油分析可以是一个非常有价值的工具。它允许您不仅监控油的健康，还可以在机器的健康状况中监控，以及在灾难性之前捕获失败。为了获得石油分析的所有好处，首先必须具有正确的样品点和硬件。许多植物将油采样视为二次功能，并且只需从带有不一致的滴管法的排水口的样品中取样。从排水端口采样时，您可以获得充满历史数据的样本（例如，沉积物和污泥的层）。磨损碎片趋势也可能很难建立，因为这些样品通常含有高浓度的污染物。

In addition to being inconsistent, drop-tube sampling frequently requires the machine to be taken out of service. This can result in particles settling at the bottom of the sump, which may prevent a good, relative sample from being taken from the system.

Proper sampling ports can be achieved by modifying the machine. This will allow good samples to be taken consistently from "live" zones or areas inside the system where oil is experiencing turbulent flow.

The remedy?

All machines to be included in the oil analysis program should be evaluated for the proper sampling hardware. Splash-bathed components such as bearings and gearboxes can be equipped with minimess sampling valves with pilot tube extensions. These extenders can be bent up into the "live" zone next to the bearing or gear teeth.

应检查最佳采样点的循环系统。这些系统通常需要几点。

主要点是从常规样本被绘制以提供整个系统的快照。主要样本的最佳位置位于主返回线歧管上，在任​​何返回线过滤器和湍流区域（通常是肘部）的区域之前。

在每个润滑部件后，应安装在油返回线中。辅助点允许您在主点触发警报后确定系统中的问题。

In conjunction with sampling hardware installation, all technicians should be trained in the proper way to pull samples. All sample tubing should be flushed with five to 10 times the volume introduced into the sample during the entire process.

（中央油为客户提供石油分析和取样作为客户。）请保持调整到第2部分的博客，这将在一周内来到！如果您对石油分析有任何疑问，请随时与318-388-2602联系客户经理。

PC-11 Gets Green Light

由Steve Swedberg•2015年12月16日

奥斯汀，德克萨斯州 - PC-11，下周接受了ASTM和美国石油研究所的前进。新类别 - API正式将CK-4呼叫与其燃油经济性版本，FA-4 - 现在确保在2016年12月1日提供许可。

Products meeting API CK-4 will continue to be backwards compatible with earlier categories, such as CJ-4 and CI-4PLUS. However, API FA-4 may have only limited backwards compatibility due to the fact that its minimum high-temperature, high-shear viscosity falls below that specified in prior category requirements.

The PC-11 approvals came in a flurry of meetings on Dec. 8, 9 and 10 during the half-yearly gathering of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants. First, ASTM’s Heavy Duty Engine Oil Classification Panel, chaired by Shawn Whitacre of Chevron, had to review and accept all of PC-11’s tests and limits, which it did Dec. 8.

之后,两个其他利益相关者群体s chimed their agreement: the Diesel Engine Oil Advisory Panel, which represents engine builders and oil and additive companies and is jointly chaired by Steve Kennedy of ExxonMobil and Greg Shank of Volvo Powertrain; and the New Category Development Team, led by Dan Arcy of Shell, which began working on PC-11 back in December 2011 and adroitly steered it to completion.

12月9日，ASTM D02技术委员会B搬到了新标准，这是一种简单的形式，现在所有的障碍都被清除了。聘请Intertek的Joe Franklin是该委员会主席。

由Scott Lindholm席万博电竞体育位的席卷座，留下了API的润滑油组，将PC-11写入1509年，管辖该研究所的发动机油许可系统。Thanks to the group’s unanimous vote on Dec. 10, oil marketers can now lay plans to roll out CK-4 and FA-4 products next Dec. 1. That will be the first date licensees may display these designations in the trademarked API “donut” on their labels.

仍有几个问题API需要在未来几个月清理。首先，vgra-boi工作正在进行中，矩阵测试尚未完成。

VGRA, viscosity grade read-across, is allowed under API 1509 as a means of reducing engine sequence test costs, by comparing certain engine test results across multiple viscosity grades. Often, for example, lower viscosity oils have more difficulty in successfully passing certain procedures; if an SAE 10W-30 oil earns a passing grade, its results can be read across to a heavier grade such as SAE 15W-40, eliminating the need to run additional tests.

BOI或基础油交换也是如此。API根据具体性质，例如硫含量，饱和含量和粘度指数进行分组基础油。如果有批准的发动机油制剂的公司想要改变基础油，则BOI指南可能允许搅拌机更换至少一些原始基础油，而无需完全重新测试配方。

So far, enough supporting data has been generated to establish BOI between Group II base oils for PC-11, but not for switching between Group II and Group III, nor for switching within the pool of Group III base oils.

另一个和更多的挑衅性问题是营销人员将如何标记新的油 - CK-4和FA-4 - 以及他们将如何有效地传达差异到最终用户。

API commissioned a study to determine what users value and believe to be descriptive of oil performance. The first results from this study showed that brand name and viscosity grade are the only information that participants consistently said they recognize! The API donut trademark and other terminology are mysteries to most users.

鉴于此，API决定开发一种教育部件，以传达发动机油与API类别的益处，包括关于粘度等级的重要性及其对燃料经济性的影响。

During the PC-11 development process, several ideas were tested and discarded regarding public awareness efforts. One proposal was to create an exotic viscosity grade, “SAE 26,” which presumably would identify heavy duty engine oils meeting the FA-4 definition for the SAE XW-30 grade, which has a high-temperature, high-shear viscosity limit of 2.9 to 3.2 centiPoise.

然而，对于SAE XW-30，CK-4的空间也有HK-3，最低CP的HTH。它认识到这可能会为试图选择正确产品的石油客户创造混淆。

提出的另一个想法是将粘度等级标记为“SAE XW-30 L”或“SAE XW-30 H”。这被视为与SAE 26概念混乱。最后，粘度识别系统保持不变。

While it will not affect first-licensing date, the documents that define engine oil categories are going to be revised to align with each other. API 1509 and ASTM D4485 are the two documents which identify the necessary tests and results to describe each oil category. Over the years, differences in terminologies and language conventions have resulted in some tortuous definitions and awkward footnotes. This is being addressed by a ta